Applying Bayess rule, we have odds(smoker | cancer) = odds(smoker) * p(cancer | smoker) / p(cancer | non-smoker) Rearranging terms, we can solve for the risk ratio: p(cancer | smoker) / p(cancer | non-smoker) = odds(smoker | cancer) / odds(smoker) = 16 Thats the answer I had in mind, but let me address an objection raised by one poll respondent, who chose Other because, You cant draw casual inferences from observational data without certain assumptions which Im unwilling to make. Thats true
Here is the list of cities where HoYoFEST 2026 is happening: Bangkok, Thailand (July 30 to Aug
Get active Go for a walk, do some jumping jacks or pushups, try some yoga stretches, or run around the block
It may be years before I get to the bottom of that box, and I dont want any disappointments
At the other end, it includes an adapter for a 12V cigarette lighter connector to power an OBD2 cable